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HSK 7-9
zhǐpapershàngontándiscussbīngmilitary
armchair strategy; theoretical discussion divorced from practice

Literal meaning

paper (纸) — on (上) — discuss (谈) — military (兵)

Origin

Refers to Zhao Kuo in the Records of the Grand Historian, who knew military strategy but lost a battle due to lack of practical experience.

Examples

dehuàhěnhǎodànzhǐshìzhǐshàngtánbīngméiyǒushícāozuòxìng
His plan is good, but it's just armchair strategy, with no practical operability.
mennéngzhǐshàngtánbīngyàozhùzhòngshíjiàn
We can't just engage in armchair strategy; we must focus on practice.

Usage & nuances

Used to criticize someone who is good at theory but lacks practical skills.

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